Synodontis Petricola

The Synodontis Petricola, also known as the Dwarf Petricola Synodontis or Cuckoo Catfish, is a small, striking catfish native to Lake Tanganyika in Africa. These fish feature a beautiful pattern of large, irregular dark spots on a creamy-white or light tan background, with large eyes adapted for their crepuscular lifestyle. Unlike many catfish that are strictly nocturnal, Synodontis Petricola are often active during the day, making them more visible in the aquarium. They are known for their unique breeding behavior where they lay their eggs in the mouthbrooding cichlids of Lake Tanganyika, hence their common name. In the aquarium, they are excellent for African cichlid tanks due to their ability to tolerate the hard, alkaline water these cichlids prefer. Their moderate size, interesting patterns, and diurnal activity make them a prized addition to appropriate community setups.

Care Requirements

Tank Setup

Synodontis Petricola need a tank with rocky caves, driftwood, and hiding spots to mimic their natural Lake Tanganyika habitat. A 30-40 gallon tank provides adequate space for a small group. Use hard, alkaline water parameters typical of African rift lake conditions. Provide multiple caves and crevices as they are territorial and each fish needs its own hiding place.

Water Quality

• Temperature: 75-82°F (24-28°C)
• pH: 7.5-8.5 (alkaline conditions essential)
• Water Hardness: Hard, 10-25 dGH
• Ammonia/Nitrite: 0 ppm
• Nitrate: <30 ppm

Feeding

These omnivores accept sinking pellets, algae wafers, and frozen or live foods. They are efficient scavengers but should receive targeted feeding with sinking foods. Supplement with vegetable matter and occasional protein treats. Feed in the evening when they are most active, but they will learn to come out during the day for food.

Behavior & Compatibility

Synodontis Petricola can be kept singly or in small groups, though they may show some territorial behavior toward their own kind. They are generally peaceful with appropriately sized tank mates but may eat very small fish or shrimp. They are ideal tank mates for African cichlids due to shared water parameter requirements and their ability to hold their own with more boisterous species.

Tips for Success

• Provide multiple caves and hiding spots to reduce territorial aggression
• Maintain hard, alkaline water with regular water changes
• They appreciate driftwood and rocky caves similar to their natural habitat
• Supplement their diet with vegetable matter for optimal health
• They may become more nocturnal if kept with aggressive tank mates
• Excellent algae eaters but should not be relied upon as the sole cleanup crew