About Cleaner Wrasse
The Cleaner Wrasse is a fascinating fish that provides a valuable service in reef aquariums by eating parasites and dead tissue from other fish. They establish cleaning stations where other fish come to be serviced. Unfortunately, they are difficult to keep alive in aquariums because they often starve when natural parasite loads are low. They need large, established tanks with plenty of fish to clean or must be fed constantly. Many aquarists choose Cleaner Shrimp instead, which are easier to maintain. Only expert aquarists with large, heavily stocked reefs should attempt these fish.
Care Guide
Care Requirements
Tank Setup
Cleaner Wrasses need large, established reef tanks with plenty of fish.
Essential Setup:
- 50+ gallons minimum
- Heavily stocked tank: Need fish to clean
- Live rock with cleaning station
- Strong filtration
- Temperature 72-78°F
Water Quality
- Temperature: 72-78°F (22-25.5°C)
- pH: 8.1-8.4
- Specific Gravity: 1.020-1.025
- Ammonia/Nitrite: 0 ppm
- Nitrate: <20 ppm
Feeding
Specialized diet:
- Natural food: Parasites from other fish
- Supplement: Frozen Mysis, marine pellets
- Challenge: Often starve in home aquariums
WARNING: Many Cleaner Wrasses starve in aquariums without adequate parasite loads.
Cleaning Behavior
Fascinating natural behavior:
- Cleaning station: Established location
- Fish queue up: Wait to be cleaned
- Parasite removal: Eats external parasites
- Dead tissue: Cleans wounds
- Mutualism: Benefits both parties
Behavior & Compatibility
Peaceful service providers:
- Peaceful: Service all fish
- Active: Constantly working
- Social: Often work in pairs or groups
- Essential: For reef ecosystem
Good Tank Mates:
- All reef fish
- Need plenty of fish to clean
Avoid:
- Other cleaner wrasses (competition)
- Fish that may bully cleaners
Survival Challenges
Difficult to maintain:
- Starvation: Primary cause of death
- Not enough parasites: In most tanks
- Special feeding: Requires constant attention
- Alternative: Cleaner Shrimp easier to keep
Alternative Recommendation
Consider Cleaner Shrimp (Lysmata amboinensis) instead:
- Easier to feed
- Same cleaning function
- More hardy
- Better survival rate
Tips for Success
- Only for large, heavily stocked reefs
- Must supplement feed heavily
- High mortality in home aquariums
- Consider Cleaner Shrimp instead
- Expert-level fish only